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In this work the mathematical morphology applied to soil pore and aggregate characterization is presented. It is based on binary granulometry and shape analysis. The measurement associated with this granulometry is based on the computation of the contributing non-zero points in the reconstructed image instead of the volume measurement commonly used. A round structuring element with varying radius was used. This radius variation provided the pore and aggregate size distribution in a single graphic. Images of soil photomicrographs from two different areas were used: the native forest and the crop area. The soil pore and aggregate morphology were observed, and analyzed, and compared with manual evaluation. The preliminary results and discussion on the challenge to improve such methods are also presented.