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Applying biological engineering principles to animal habitat design represents a paradigm shift from traditional approaches by virtue of placing the biology of the animal(s) at the center of the design process and designing a habitat around the animal(s). The objective of this article is to detail this paradigm shift, first by providing a detailed discussion on the design of enriched environments for captive animals, and then through a case study involving the transformation of a tiger cage into a tiger habitat. All habitat design elements are created based on the physical and behavioral needs of the animal.