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Abstract. Decreasing groundwater levels in High Plains and increasing the pressure to reduce water withdrawal for agricultural goals requires the implementation of proper water management strategies to deal with this issue. Deficit irrigation technics have shown to be a suitable water conservative method in the agriculture section. An experiment was conducted in southwest Kansas to investigate the effects of deficit irrigation levels on cotton biomass, seed, and lint yield in 2021 under a linear move irrigation system. The five deficit irrigation treatments representing 100, 75, 50, 25, and 0 compensation of cotton water demand were applied. Variable-rate irrigation device was used for implementing the experimental treatments. The results of this study have indicated that the deficit irrigation treatment did not significantly reduce cotton biomass, or seed and lint yield. It has been shown that cotton total biomass, lint yield, and seed yield were 1514.3, 259.62, and 268.18 g/m2 under dryland conditions and 1639.6, 291.36, and 306.60 g/m2 under fully irrigation conditions, which indicated that pursing dryland condition (0 % irrigation) approximately could result in 90 % yield obtaining under full irrigation. In addition, it was shown that more values of total biomass lint yield, seed yield were observed under dryland conditions in comparison with 25 and 50 % deficit irrigation treatments that could be related to cotton plant characteristics in terms of heat conditions in rootzone as one of the consequences of irrigation water. This study has shown that the future of cotton production in western Kansas is very probable even with zero application of irrigation water.