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Highlights

Identifying the deficiency of potassium macronutrients in the soybean crop using artificial neural network (ANN).

Abstract. Precision agriculture aims to improve the production of field crops using different techniques to manage the planting stages, such as the monitoring of field crops by images, fertilization control, nutrient analysis of the soil, and pest and weed control. By investigating field images, a plant leaf can be used to identify the lack of nutrients or the presence of diseases. This study developed a system that identifies the macronutrient deficiency of potassium in soybean crops by analyzing leaves. The methodology of this study was developed using different abstractions (Matlab and FPGA) to obtain consolidated results and facilitate low-level abstraction. The main contribution of this study is developing a multilayer artificial neural network system for a reconfigurable device. The developed system was applied in the image segmentation to determine potassium deficiency using soybean leaves and compared with a high-level abstraction system. The results of the reconfigurable device show that the mean hit percentages are 92%, 96%, and 95% in the leaf, trefoil, and field, respectively. The mean square error values were in the range of 10^-2 and the quality factor was between 8.5 and 9.0.