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Abstract. This paper is aiming at the problems of air tightness and low seeding performance of the current small-grain seed precision seed-metering device, a pneumatic drum-type small-grain seed precision seed metering device that meets precise seeding and good seed quality device. Parametric design of the seed-metering device, and establish a dynamic model and kinematic model of the seed-metering device seeding process to determine the combination of basic parameters such as the determined hole diameter size and roller diameter of the seed-metering device. The effect of the shape of the perforation hole on the airflow field pressure and gas velocity distribution in the negative pressure cavity of the roller is explored through CFD simulation. The multi-group comparative analysis is used to optimize the design of the seed metering device to determine the best shape of the perforation hole. Based on the above-mentioned preferred structure, the roller rotation speed and negative pressure are selected as the influencing factors of the performance of the seed-metering device and orthogonal tests are performed. The regression equations for the effects of seeding qualification rate, miss-seeding rate, and over-seeding rate are established with each influencing factor level code as independent variables. Determine the best combination of parameters.