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Abstract: The research and development process and main models of cotton pickers at home and abroad are expounded, and the gap between China and developed countries is analyzed. The characteristics and research progress of general techniques and devices such as picking, conveying and removing impurities are expounded, as well as the research and exploration of domestic cotton pickers in new technologies such as image detection and hydraulic profiling. The main factors restricting the current cotton picker harvesting machinery and intelligence in China and the harvesting characteristics of cotton production areas in China are analyzed.