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Abstract. Because of the advantages of low-cost, high-efficiency, light-weight and higher-complexity, the desktop fused deposition modeling (FDM) has a huge market demand in civilian areas, especially in the area of cultural creativity and education. As the core part of FDM 3D printer system, the control system is one of the main factors affecting the printing accuracy. Which mainly includes microprocessor unit , limit switch unit, temperature controlling unit, step motor controlling unit, communication unit. The process parameters of FDM system are studied based on introducing and analyzing the design ideas of the control system for FDM 3D printer. This paper focuses on the effect of process parameters on the model forming accuracy by the orthogonal experiment method. PLA forming material is selected as the experimental material and nozzle diameter is 0.4 mm in this test. The results showed that the printing speed ,layer thickness, nozzle temperature had a greater impact on dimensional error, extrusion speed and environmental temperature had less influence on dimensional error. The optimal combination of process parameters was that printing thickness was 0.12 mm, printing temperature was 180℃, environmental temperature was 30℃, extrusion speed was 30 mm/s, the printing speed was 40 mm/s. Layer thickness and printing speed had a greater influence on the printing time. The research of this paper can provide a reference for the quality of FDM forming model.