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In order to improve the separation efficiency of potato soil, reduce bruising rate and damage rate of potatoes, the fixed wave shaped separation device and the wave shaped automatic adjusting separation device were designed by the realization of constant and adjustable wave amplitude, which were based on the design idea of wave shaped separation device. The fixed wave shaped separation device can realize continuous wave shaped separation during harvesting process. Based on the study of fixed wave shaped separation device, the wave shaped automatic adjusting separation device was designed by hydraulic control and four bar mechanism. In the process of potato harvesting, the amplitude of wave shape can also be adjusted automatically, which can realize two types of separation of potato and soil between wave separation and oblique transportation. The technology can improve the adaptability of potato harvester to different soil blocks and different potato varieties, which can provide technical reference for further research of development of potato harvester and discussion on the separation technology of the potato-soil.