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Abstract. The primary processing of Chinese herbal medicines is an important part of the production and quality formation of medicinal materials, including water treatment, cutting and drying. The purpose is to improve the cleanliness, reduce or eliminate the toxicity and side effects of drugs, facilitate the storage and preservation of efficacy, and ensure the quality of drugs. The production of high quality Chinese medicinal materials needs scientific and reasonable processing methods. The modern research mainly analyzes the influence factors in the processing of the producing area by means of chemical composition analysis and determines the best processing technology. This paper mainly summarizes the processing technology of rhizomatous, flower, fruit and fungi and other Chinese herbal medicines in general. Analysis of the basic procedures and methods of several kinds of typical Chinese herbal medicine primary processing technology. Summarizes the advantages and disadvantages of the existing primary processing. According to the existing problems and puts forward the improvement method. Contribute to better service in the production practice of medicinal materials, accelerate the primary processing technology industrialization pace of development. It lays a solid foundation for the healthy and benign development of the Chinese medicinal materials industry.