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Soil erosion and subsequent pollution by water from agricultural lands is still in need for better understanding and evaluating the impacts of various processes involved. We have summarized, in a systematic manner, the contribution of soil inherent properties and extrinsic conditions on soil erosion from numerous soils collected from the top cultivated layer. The soil inherent properties studied included: (1) predominant clay mineralogy (kaolinitic, illitic and smectitic); (2) soil texture (4-6 typical textural classes from sandy to heavy clay); and (3) organic matter content. The extrinsic conditions studied included: (1) 4-5 levels of rain kinetic energy (KE, 0-22 kJ/m3); (2) 3-4 wetting rates (WR) of dry soil by rainfall and irrigation water; (3) water quality (rain, fresh, effluent or saline irrigation water); (4) 4-8 antecedent moisture contents (from dry to full saturation) combined with different aging durations between two wettings; (5) tillage intensity (conventional and minimum tillage); and (6) soil sodicity, and use of soil amendments (polymer, gypsum).