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Cooling systems for non-road vehicles normally consist of the heat exchanger components required to cool engine fluids such as the radiator, charge air cooler and fuel cooler. These cooling systems may also contain additional heat exchangers for cooling additional vehicle fluid circuits, such as hydraulic and transmission oil coolers and air conditioning refrigerant condensers. The cooling fan, fan drive, and shroud can also be considered to be part of the cooling system. Cooling systems must be designed so that the heat exchangers and other components in the system work together to provide sufficient cooling for all of the affected fluid circuits, often for several different operating conditions. Non-road vehicles often operate in applications where large amounts airborne particulates may be present. The cooling systems for these vehicles should be designed to prevent particulate fouling to the extent that is possible and should also allow access for debris to be cleaned from the heat exchanger fins. The mounting structure for the heat exchangers and the heat exchangers themselves must be designed to withstand the loads that will be imposed by the vehicle operation in its various applications. The heat exchangers and supporting structure must be designed to withstand stresses such as those caused by internal static and fluctuating pressure, thermal cycles, and static, shock and vibration loading. Potential internal and external corrosion problems should also be considered and prevented through proper material selection. Testing should be performed to validate each cooling system design for proper thermal performance and structural durability.