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Fine dust and ammonia are main pollutants emitted from broiler houses. The type of bedding material could influence these emissions. Therefore, in this study the effect of different bedding materials on fine dust and ammonia emissions from broiler houses was determined. The study was carried out in a mechanically ventilated broiler house with eight identical rooms for 2260 broilers each and compromised two production cycles (rounds) of 35 days. The broilers were raised on four different bedding materials: 1) white wood shavings; 2) chopped wheat straw; 3) ground rapeseed straw; 4) silage maize. In each of the two production cycles the bedding materials were randomly assigned to two of the eight rooms. PM10, PM2.5 and ammonia concentrations and ventilation rates were measured. Ammonia and ventilation rate were measured continuously, whereas dust concentrations were measured during 24 h at 16, 23, 30 and 33 days of age. The main results of the study were: