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ABSTRACT THE dielectric properties of grain samples representing five spring barley cultivars and four spring oats cultivars were measured at 24 C over moisture content ranges from 8 to 25%, wet basis, and at frequencies of 20, 300 and 2,450 MHz at known bulk densities. Mean values of the dielectric constants, over the cultivars for each kind of grain, at each frequency and moisture level, along with mean values for moisture content and bulk density of the grain samples, were used in the development of models that predict the dielectric constants as a function of frequency, moisture content, and bulk density. The new models estimated the dielectric constants of both barley and oats with an average error of about 4% compared to the mean measured values over the 8 to 25% moisture range at the specified frequencies.