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Separation of hemp fiber from woody core is a difficult process due to insufficient information in mechanical properties and inappropriate separation equipment. To design a reliable fiber separation system and to get pure fiber as required by the industry, it is necessary to characterize the properties of the fiber materials such as shear properties. Direct shear experiments were performed to study shear behaviors of hemp material, including fiber and core. A 3D discrete element simulation also was performed in this regard. The model parameters, including normal stiffness, shear stiffness, friction coefficient of model particle, and diameter of model particle were calibrated using the experimental results. For a friction coefficient of 0.2 and a particle diameter of 2 mm, the normal stiffness and shear stiffness were established as 1e4 and 2e4 N/m for fiber and core, respectively.