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Rotary fertilizer spreaders with single or twin discs are commonly used to distribute granular fertilizer or materials. These granular fertilizer and materials are distributed by the vanes on the disc. However, the effect of different vane number on the fertilizer distribution uniformity with different flow rates is unknown. In this study, therefore, the effect of vane number on the distribution uniformity in single-disc rotary fertilizer spreaders with different flow rates was studied using triple superphosphate and calcium ammonium nitrate. The number of vanes tested in the experiments was 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12. The orifices of 30-, 40-, and 50-mm diameters were used at the bottom of the hopper to obtain the different fertilizer flow rates. The data from this study showed that the best distribution for both fertilizers was obtained with the combination of two vanes and an orifice diameter of 30 mm and that distribution uniformity became worse as the number of vanes increased.