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The amount of corn stover and wheat straw that can be sustainably collected in North Carolina was estimated to be 0.52 and 0.14 million dry tons/yr, respectively. About 80% of these crop residues were located in the coastal area. The bioethanol potential from corn stover and wheat straw was estimated to be about 200 million liters/yr in North Carolina. The future location of ethanol plant in coastal area of North Carolina was estimated based on feedstock demand and collection radius. The best location for a bioethanol plant is in the north eastern coastal area with feedstock demand of 771 tons/day and collection radius about 41 miles. If multiple ethanol plants are considered, it is possible to have two ethanol plants with feedstock demand of 300 tons/year and two ethanol plants with feedstock demand of 500 tons/year in the coastal area. The collection radiuses for the two ethanol plants with 300 tons/day feedstock demand are 28 and 41 miles and the collection radiuses for the two ethanol plants with 500 tons/day feedstock demand are 31 and 46 miles, respectively.