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In 1995, the Kansas Natural Resource Council and the Sierra Club filed a complaint against the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), compelling it to enforce Section 303(d) of the Clean Water Act by establishing Total Maximum Daily Loads (TMDLS). Kansas, intervened in the litigation, since the state had lead responsibility for identifying the waters requiring TMDLs and establishing the TMDLs. A settlement was reached and a consent decree approving the settlement was mad on April 13, 1998. The court decree sets out a schedule for the state to submit TMDLs for water quality limited stream segments and lakes in each of the 12 major river basins in Kansas over an eight-year period. Kansas will submit TMDLs only on those waters deemed to need such load determinations consistent with Section 303(d). TMDLs established by Kansas may be done on a watershed basis and may use a pollutant-by-pollutant approach or a bio-monitoring approach or both as appropriate. This paper describes the implementation of the Kansas TMDL process.