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A single-cylinder diesel engine (4.8 kW) was fueled with petroleum diesel, 20% biodiesel (B20), neat biodiesel (B100) and 10% (by volume) emulsified D2 (Em-D2), B20 (Em-B20) and B100 (Em-B100) to determine their effects on exhaust gas temperature, brake specific NOX emissions, brake power, brake specific fuel consumption, and brake thermal efficiency at four engine speeds (3600, 3300, 2900, and 2400 rpm). Four replications were conducted at each level of fuel and speed (24 tests).Compared to D2, fueling with E-D2 resulted in similar NOX emissions and decreased power and fuel and thermal efficiencies. Fueling with Em-B20 and Em-B100 significantly reduced NOX emissions relative to both non-emulsified base fuels and to D2.Fueling with E-B20 significantly reduced power and fuel and thermal efficiencies (compared to B20), while Em-B100 resulted in some improvements in power and fuel and thermal efficiencies.