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The demand for quantitative analysis methods of health-promoting fruit compounds is increasing in the framework of healthy human nutrition and adapted product management. Diffuse reflectance spectroscopy has already been established as an analytical method to assess fruit ripening and quality. Furthermore, to determine even small amounts of some valuable fruit compounds such as vitamins and phenolic compounds in a fast and non-destructive way, fluorescence spectroscopy may become a valuable tool. As a drawback, the compounds' fluorescence quantum yield, the fluorescence life-time as well as reabsorption and quenching effects in the complex fruit tissue severely influence the apparent fluorescence signal of the autofluorescent fruit compounds.